Workshop on Metamaterials:

• R. Ziolkowski (The University of Arizona)

• S. Hrabar ( University of Zagreb)

• F. Martín (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona)

• R. Gonzalo (Universidad Pública de Navarra)

• J. Represa (Universidad de Valladolid)

• A. Martínez (Universidad Politécnica de Valencia)
  

• E. Rajo-Iglesias (Universidad Carlos III de Madrid)
  

• D. Segovia-Vargas (Universidad Carlos III de Madrid)

Richard W. Ziolkowski - Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Arizona (USA)

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• Biography: Richard W. Ziolkowski (ScB 1974, Brown University, MS'75 and PhD'80 from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, all in Physics) is the Litton Industries John M. Leonis Distinguished Professor in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Arizona. He is also a Professor in the College of Optical Sciences at the University of Arizona. He was the Computational Electronics and Electromagnetics Thrust Area Leader in the Engineering Research Division at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory before joining the University of Arizona in 1990. Professor Ziolkowski is a Fellow of both the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) and the Optical Society of America. He was President of the IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society in 2005. He and Prof. Nader Engheta, University of Pennsylvania, are Co-Editors of the best selling 2006 IEEE-Wiley book, Metamaterials: Physics and Engineering Explorations.
• Talk: Metamaterial-inspired Engineering of Antenna Systems
• Abstract: A number of advances in the use of metamaterials and metamaterial-inspired structures to improve the overall efficiency and bandwidth performance of electrically small antennas (ESAs) in the VHF, UHF and microwave regimes will be reviewed.
  

  Metamaterials have led to a different paradigm for achieving electrically small radiating and scattering systems. Many of our initial electric and magnetic metamaterial-based ESA designs have been realized through the introduction of the corresponding metamaterial-inspired near-field resonant parasitic element antennas. Their further miniaturization at VHF and UHF frequencies has been enabled by introducing lumped elements as was done to achieve the highly subwavelength ENG, MNG, and DNG unit cells. Many of these metamaterial-inspired ESA designs have now been fabricated and tested. The measurement results are in very nice agreement with their predicted behaviors. These results will be presented and discussed. While these initial efforts emphasized high overall efficiencies without using any external matching networks, more recent resonant near-field parasitic designs have also explored how close their Q values can come to the Chu limit. Several of these ESA designs, their frequency bandwidths, and their associated Q values will be compared to various reported limits.
  
      It will also be shown that the corresponding active metamaterial element versions of these metamaterial-inspired ESA designs, i.e., replacing the internal passive elements in successful narrow bandwidth, high overall efficiency designs with active elements, could potentially have very large instantaneous bandwidths while maintaining their overall efficiencies even when they are very electrically small. Further considerations of multi-band systems within the same real estate allowance (electrical size or footprint), along with potential applications, will also be described.

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• Biography: Silvio Hrabar was born in Trogir, Croatia in 1962. He received Dipl. Ing. and M.S. degrees from University of Zagreb, Croatia and a Ph.D degree from Brunel University of West London, United Kingdom, all in electrical engineering. In the past, he was employed at various consulting, development, research and teaching positions both in industry and academia, in the fields of microwave electronics, electromagnetics, electromagnetic compatibility, computational electromagnetics and electrostatics. Since 1999 he has been at Department of Wireless Communications, University of Zagreb, Croatia, where he is a Professor of applied electromagnetics. His research interest includes applied electromagnetics, electromagnetic compatibility, antennas and microwave engineering. He is author of several book chapters, and many conference reports and journal papers.  He also serves as a reviewer for IEEE Transaction on Antennas and Propagation, IEEE Antennas and Propagation Letters, Journal of Radio Science, Physical Review Letters and Journal of Applied Physics.  He is a member of IEEE Societies on Antennas and propagation, Microwave theory and techniques, and Instrumentation and measurements. Professor Hrabar is a chair of Metamaterial group at Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing (FER), University of Zagreb.
• Talk: Active Dispersionless Metamaterials - a Path towards  Broadband Cloaking
• Abstract: The feasibility of practical implementations of electromagnetic cloaking technology (the ‘invisibility technology’) proposed in the recent literature will be analyzed. It will be shown that one of the basic problems present in all current proposals is a narrowband operation caused by basic dispersion constraints of any passive medium. However, the use of active transmission-line-based metamaterials, for which the basic constrains do not apply, may overcome this problem. The basic properties of these active materials (dispersion and stability) were investigated with the help of commercial circuit simulator.  Simulation results showed that is possible to achieve either electric or magnetic ‘plasmonic’ behavior in a wide frequency band (limited by the characteristics of active negative converters). The experimental prototype of basic active ‘plasmonic’ transmission line operating in 1 GHz RF region, developed at University of Zagreb, will be presented. It will be shown that the measured results indeed reveal almost dispersionless equivalent permittivity within a frequency band of one octave.

              In the second part of the presentation, the use of prototyped active ‘plasmonic’ transmission lines for 2 D cloaking will be presented. The 2D model of plasmonic cloak comprising 2D active transmission lines was analyzed using a standard circuit simulator. The plane wave excitation was simulated as an array of voltage sources in the circuit simulator and distribution of the voltages in the nodes of 2D active line (that corresponds to the distribution of the E field) was plotted. The results showed cloaking within a wide frequency band. The practical realization of laboratory prototype of proposed full 2D active cloak is in progress and it will be discussed in the presentation. 

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• Biography: Ferran Martín was born in Barakaldo (Vizcaya), Spain in 1965. He received the B.S. Degree in Physics from the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB) in 1988 and the PhD degree in 1992. From 1994 up to 2006 he has been Associate Professor in Electronics at the Departament d’Enginyeria Electrònica (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona), and from 2007 he is Full Professor of Electronics. In recent years, he has been involved in different research activities including modelling and simulation of electron devices for high frequency applications, millimeter wave and THz generation systems, and the application of electromagnetic bandgaps to microwave and millimeter wave circuits. He is now also very active in the field of metamaterials and their application to the miniaturization and optimization of microwave circuits and antennas. He is the head of the Microwave and Millimeter Wave Engineering Group (GEMMA Group) at UAB, coordinator of the Spanish Network on Metamaterials (REME) and a partner of the Network of Excellence of the European Union METAMORPHOSE. He has organized several international events related to metamaterials, including a Workshop at the IEEE International Microwave Symposium (years 2005 and 2007). He has acted as Guest Editor for two Special Issues on Metamaterials in two International Journals. He has authored and co-authored near 300 technical conference, letter and journal papers and he is co-author of the monograph on Metamaterials entitled Metamaterials with Negative Parameters: Theory, Design and Microwave Applications (John Wiley & Sons Inc.). Ferran Martín has filed several patents on metamaterials and has headed several Development Contracts. He has recently launched CIMITEC, a research Center on Metamaterials (supported by CIDEM - Catalan Government) where he acts as Director. Dr. Ferran Martín and CIMITEC have received the 2006 Duran Farell Prize for Technological Research.
• Talk: Recent advances in the design of microwave components on the basis of metamaterial concepts 
• Abstract: In this work, several design strategies for the synthesis of planar microwave components based on metamaterial concepts will be reviewed. New concepts of composite right/left handed (CRLH) lines based on new resonant elements pointed out by the author will be proposed and applied to the synthesis of dual-band components and filters. CRLH lines with unconventional dispersion will also be highlighted and applied to the design of dual-band components. Finally, the recent advantes in filter design pointed out by the author and his group will also be presented.

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• Biography: He received the M.Sc. degree in telecommunication engineering (with honors) in 1995, and the Ph.D. degree in telecommunication from the Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNa), Spain, in 2000. Since October 1995, he has been with the Electrical and Electronic Engineering Department, UPNa where he is acting as a head of the Department from 2008. From September 1997 to December 1998, he was with the Antenna Section, ESA-ESTEC, where he was involved in the modelling and design of EBG antennas at microwave and millimeter-wave frequencies. He has been involved in more than 30 research project, acting as Coordinator in 12 of them. He has supervised four Ph.D. and more than 30 M. S. dissertations. His current areas of research are in the field of metamaterials structures for microwave and millimeter-wave antenna applications with emphasis on space antenna applications and design of imaging systems at submillimeter-wave frequencies.
• Talk: Antenna design at microwave and sub-millimetre wave frequencies using metamaterials
• Abstract: Metamaterials have been shown to have a variety of interesting properties that can lead to exotic applications, such as perfect lenses and cloaking. Metamaterials have been applied to a wide variety of radiating and scattering systems such as artificial magnetic conductors to achieve low-profile antennas, metamaterial-inspired near-field resonant parasitics to achieve efficient electrically small antennas and highly directive antenna systems. This lecture will present recent progress on the analysis and designs of antennas based on metamaterials. Mainly the lecture will be focused, on one hand, on the analysis of Fabry-Perot type resonant Metamaterials cavity antennas which have successfully used in GPS application as antennas on board of satellites, the use of meta-surfaces to improve antenna performances and chess-board structures to reduce RCS in RADAR applications, all of them at microwave frequencies. On the other hand, the use of Electromagnetic Band Gap structures as substrate for antenna arrays at sub-millimetre wave frequencies to develop homodyne and heterodyne imaging receiver.

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• Biography: was born in Valladolid, Spain. He received the Licenciado degree and Ph.D. degree in Physics both from the University of Valladolid. He is currently Professor of Electromagnetics with the University of Valladolid, where he leads the “Grupo de Electromagnetismo Computacional (GrECo)”. His research interest includes numerical methods in electromagnetics, characterization of electromagnetic properties of materials, and microwave devices. During the last years he has been involved, along with  the “Grupo de Electromagnetismo” from the University of Cantabria and the “Grupo de Electromagnetismo Aplicado” from the University of Murcia, in the research of microwave chiral and bi-isotropic media, covering topics from design to fabrication as well as measurement and numerical modeling.
• Talk: Chiral Media for Microwave Applications
• Abstract: Chiral media are a class of more general bi-anisotropic media, where the electric and magnetic responses are related with both electric and magnetic fields. Their main feature is to rotate the plane  of polarization of electromagnetic waves while propagating through them. For optical frequencies they can be found in nature but, nowadays, not for microwave or millimeter wave frequencies. Is in this sense that chiral media are, in full right, metamaterials (remember the meaning of meta=beyond!). In this talk I will address the physical description and properties of chiral media, the design of artificial media working in the microwave range, the experimental techniques for measuring their properties and the numerical techniques and their extensions to model the electromagnetic wave propagation or to obtain their macroscopic properties from the microstructure. 

Alejandro Martínez - Nanophotonics Technology Center, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, 46022 Valencia (Spain)

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• Biography: received the Ingeniero de Telecomunicación and PhD degrees from the Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain, in 2000 and 2004, respectively. He is currently a full lecturer at the same university and a researcher manager (head of the “Photonic materials and devices” area) in the Nanophotonics Technology Center (www.ntc.upv.es). He has worked in several national (two of them as principal investigator) and European research projects and he is the coordinator of project FET-Open TAILPHOX (233883). He has published over 50 papers in international journals (h-index=13) and holds 4 patents. He is also a usual reviewer of Physical Review Letters, Optics Letters and Optics Express. His research interests include photonic crystals, silicon nanophotonics and metamaterials.
• Talk: Photonic metamaterials: applications in the optical domain
• Abstract: Metamaterials are artificial structures that can be engineered to display electromagnetic properties not observed in nature. By scaling down the size of their constituent meta-atoms, metamaterials can be designed to work at optical frequencies. Novel properties (as negative index or artificial magnetism) and applications (cloaking, superlensing) can arise when the metamaterial response occurs in the visible regime. Here we review the state of the art of photonic metamaterials in the visible regime and propose a novel application: optical security metamaterials.

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• Biography: She was born in Monforte de Lemos, Spain, in 1972. She received the Telecommunication Engineering degree from University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain, in 1996 and the Ph.D. degree in Telecommunication from University Carlos III of Madrid, Madrid, Spain, in 2002. From 1997 to 2001 she was a Teacher Assistant at the University Carlos III of Madrid. In 2001 she joined the University Polytechnic of Cartagena as Teacher Assistant  for a year. She came back to University Carlos III as a Visiting Lecturer in 2002 and since 2004, she is an Associate Professor with the Department of Signal Theory and Communications at University Carlos III of Madrid. After visiting Chalmers University of Technology (Sweden) as a guest researcher, during autumns 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 and 2008, she is now an Affiliated Professor in the Antenna Group of the Signals and Systems Dpt. of that University. Her main research interests include microstrip patch antennas and arrays, metamaterials and periodic structures and optimization methods applied to Electromagnetism. She has (co)authored more than 30 contributions in international journals and more than 60 in international conferences.
• Talk: Metamaterial EBG-based Gap Waveguide Technology for Millimeter and Submillimeter Wave Circuitry
• Abstract: Recently a new gap waveguide technology for millimeter and submillimeter waves has been introduced (P.-S. Kildal, E. Alfonso, A. Valero-Nogueira, E. Rajo-Iglesias, "Local metamaterial-based waveguides in gaps between parallel metal plates", IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation letters, 2009). The waveguide is generated in a narrow gap between parallel metal plates, one of which is textured by a periodic EBG-type pattern that prevents global parallel plate modes to propagate, and in between this pattern there are metal ridges or strips or grooves forming the waveguide along which local waves propagate. The advantage relative to other types of transmission lines like microstrip lines and cylindrical waveguides is that the gap waveguides can be realized without dielectric, and there is no need for any metal connection between the two plates. The presentation will give an overview of the theoretical and experimental challenges that are faced in the development of this technology.

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• Biography: He was born in Madrid, Spain, in 1968. He received the Telecommunication Engineering Degree and the Ph.D. from the Polytechnic University of Madrid in 1993 and in 1998. From 1993 to 1998 he was an Assistant Professor at Valladolid University. Since 1999 he is an Associate Professor at Carlos III University in Madrid where he is in charge of the Microwaves and Antenna courses. Since 2004 he is the leader of the Radiofrequency Group of the Dept. of Signal Theory and Communications of the University Carlos III of Madrid. Since 2004 he is the Vice-dean of Telecommunication Engineering career. He has authored and co-authored over 90 technical conference, letters and journal papers. He has also been expert of the European Projects Cost260, Cost284 and COST IC0603. He also serves as a reviewer for IEEE Transaction on Antennas and Propagation, IEEE Antennas and Propagation Letters, PIER, IET Proceedings on Microwave and Antennas, IEEE Transactions on Microwave, Theory and Techniques. He is a member of IEEE Societies on Antennas and propagation, Microwave theory and techniques, and Member of the Editorial Board of the Radioengineering Journal. His research areas are printed antennas and active radiators and arrays and smart antennas, broadband antennas, LH metamaterials and passive circuits.
• Talk: Active Circuits with CRLH Transmission Lines.
• Abstract: This talk tries to take into account the effect of making use of CRLH (Composite Right/Left Handed) structures in active circuits. Then, applications to high efficiency amplifiers and active filters are presented. The inclusion of CRLH and Extended Composite Right/Left Handed (ECRLH) transmission lines for the design of dual band high efficiency power amplifiers working in CE class is proposed. The harmonic termination can be synthesized using the meta-lines. This is particularly suitable for CE class amplifiers, which have a termination not as sensitive to the third harmonic as F class amplifier. Lastly, the application of CRLH lines to feed-back a somewhat balanced topology has allowed developing dual-band active filters. The inclusion of this type of lines as feedback sections in a first order recursive topology can be used to generate a filtering response with two arbitrary pass bands.